Network triads - the linkages between small and large words

Some basic concepts for the analysis of triadic conditions were launched more than one century ago and have been applied substantially in sociology, in business research, the focus of analysis has been directed primarily to the operations and strategies of a single firm. However, the push for specialization and outsourcing, which started in the late 1900s, called for increasing attention to be given to business relationships with other firms and how these relationships are embedded in larger network constellations. The benefits of a triadic approach have recently been illustrated in empirical studies in several business fields. A common denominator in these studies is that they tend to take dyadic business relationships as the point of departure. The expansion from the dyad to the triad is crucial for understanding the linkage between a relationship and the network. In this paper, we launch a complementary approach for the analysis of this linkage. The starting point for our approach is to identify the features of the relationship-network linkage from the network and the connections among the actors residing in a larger constellation. Since the network triad is identified from the perspective of the network, this exploration offers a complement to mainstream approaches where business triads are analysed through the addition of a third party to a business relationship between two actors

On-board Clutch Slippage Detection and Diagnosis in Heavy Duty Machine

In order to reduce unnecessary stops and expensive downtime originating from clutch failure of construction equipment machines; adequate real time sensor data measured on the machine in combination with feature extraction and classification methods may be utilized. This paper presents a framework with feature extraction methods and an anomaly detection module combined with Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) for on-board clutch slippage detection and diagnosis in heavy duty equipment. The feature extraction methods used are Moving Average Square Value Filtering (MASVF) and a measure of the fourth order statistical properties of the signals implemented as continuous queries over data streams. The anomaly detection module has two components, the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) and the Logistics Regression classifier. CBR is a learning approach that classifies faults by creating a new solution for a new fault case from the solution of the previous fault cases. Through use of a data stream management system and continuous queries (CQs), the anomaly detection module continuously waits for a clutch slippage event detected by the feature extraction methods, the query returns a set of features, which activates the anomaly detection module. The first component of the anomaly detection module trains a GMM to extracted features while the second component uses a Logistic Regression classifier for classifying normal and anomalous data. When an anomaly is detected, the Case-Based diagnosis module is activated for fault severity estimation

Genes Important for Catalase Activity in Enterococcus faecalis

Little in general is known about how heme proteins are assembled from their constituents in cells. The Gram-positive bacterium Enterococcus faecalis cannot synthesize heme and does not depend on it for growth. However, when supplied with heme in the growth medium the cells can synthesize two heme proteins; catalase (KatA) and cytochrome bd (CydAB). To identify novel factors important for catalase biogenesis libraries of E. faecalis gene insertion mutants were generated using two different types of transposons. The libraries of mutants were screened for clones deficient in catalase activity using a colony zymogram staining procedure. Analysis of obtained clones identified, in addition to katA (encoding the catalase enzyme protein), nine genes distributed over five different chromosomal loci. No factors with a dedicated essential role in catalase biogenesis or heme trafficking were revealed, but the results indicate the RNA degradosome (srmB, rnjA), an ABC-type oligopeptide transporter (oppBC), a two-component signal transducer (etaR), and NADH peroxidase (npr) as being important for expression of catalase activity in E. faecalis. It is demonstrated that catalase biogenesis in E. faecalis is independent of the CydABCD proteins and that a conserved proline residue in the N-terminal region of KatA is important for catalase assembly

Pin & play:the surface as network medium

Integrating appliances in the home through a wired network often proves to be impractical: routing cables is usually difficult, changing the network structure afterward even more so, and portable devices can only be connected at fixed connection points. Wireless networks are not the answer either: batteries have to be regularly replaced or changed, and what they add to the device's size and weight might be disproportionate for smaller appliances. In Pin&Play, we explore a design space in between typical wired and wireless networks, investigating the use of surfaces to network objects that are attached to it. This article gives an overview of the network model, and describes functioning prototypes that were built as a proof of concept

Escherichia coil 83972 Bacteriuria Protects Against Recurrent Lower Urinary Tract Infections in Patients With Incomplete Bladder Emptying

Purpose: We determined if the deliberate establishment of asymptomatic bacteriuria with Escherichia coli 83972 in patients with incomplete bladder emptying and recurrent urinary tract infection protects against recurrence. Materials and Methods: In phase 1 of the study the patients were randomized to blinded inoculations with E. coli 83972 or saline. Crossover occurred after monitoring for 12 months or after a urinary tract infection. The outcome was the time to the first urinary tract infection in patients with and without E. coli 83972 bacteriuria. In phase 2 patients were subjected to additional blinded inoculations to extend periods with and without E. coli 83972 bacteriuria. The outcome was the number of urinary tract infections during 12 months with and 12 months without E. coli 83972 bacteriuria. Results: A total of 20 patients completed the study. In phase 1 the time to the first urinary tract infection was longer with than without E. coli 83972 bacteriuria (median 11.3 vs 5.7 months, sign test p = 0.0129). Phase 2 was analyzed after patients had spent a total of 202 months with and 168 months without E. coli 83972 bacteriuria. There were fewer reported urinary tract infection episodes with vs without E. coli 83972 bacteriuria (13 vs 35 episodes, paired t test p = 0.009, CI 0.31-1.89). There was no febrile urinary tract infection episode in either of the study arms and no significant side effects of intravesical bacterial inoculation were reported. Conclusions: Deliberately induced E. coli 83972 bacteriuria protected patients with incomplete bladder emptying who are prone to urinary tract infection from recurrent urinary tract infection as demonstrated by the delay in time to urinary tract infection and the decrease in number of urinary tract infection episodes

Noise prediction for the HBK2/Toshiba Rig using the DLR tool HEIDI

The High Pressure Combustion Chamber Test Rig 2 (HBK 2) is a test bed situated at the DLR site in Cologne that is capable of a wide range of operating conditions. It delivers different kind of gas compositions at high pressures and temperatures in order to test and analyze a variety of combustion setups. The flow exits through a nozzle into ambient air and leaves the test bed via a duct to the outside. Due to the high flow velocities at the end of the nozzle jet noise with high amplitudes will occur. The department of Engine Acoustics has been assigned to give an estimate of the resulting noise levels

F\uf6retag i dynamiskt samspel - om att \uf6verleva i den interaktiva ekonomin

V\ue5r ekonomiska v\ue4rld k\ue4nnetecknas av en intressant paradox –\ua0den \ue4r samtidigt b\ue5de st\ue4ndigt f\uf6r\ue4nderlig och stabilt kontinuerlig.\ua0I denna bok kopplas b\ue5da dessa egenskaper till en och samma bakomliggande mekanism,\ua0n\ue4mligen det dynamiska samspelet mellan de involverade f\uf6retagen.Det dynamiska samspelet i dagens interaktiva ekonomi tar sig olika uttryck.\ua0 6ver tid skapar den l\ue5ngsiktiga interaktionen mellan ett k\uf6pande och ett s\ue4ljande f\uf6retag en stark och utvecklad aff\ue4rsf\uf6rbindelse

Four decades of IMP research - the development of a research network

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the development of research based on the IMP approach during the four decades since the inauguration in 1976. The paper presents a network analysis of IMP research based on one of the central IMP frameworks: the ARA model. Design/methodology/approach The main activity analysed is the annual IMP conference. The development over time is described by comparison of three conferences (1984, 1998 and 2012) with regard to the themes of the papers presented. In addition, some joint research projects are described. The most central resources are the research frameworks and findings presented in books and journals. To illustrate this dimension, the authors have traced all IMP publications that had been cited more than 100 times in 2013. In the actor layer, the authors investigated the development over time of the distribution of publications and conference presentations on research groups. Findings The paper shows how IMP has evolved into a research network around common themes of which business relationships and networks are the most significant. The activities of various research groups have become increasingly interlinked through joint research programmes, annual conferences and seminars, a website and a dedicated journal. Originality/value The paper provides a detailed illustration of the development of the IMP network. The description of this process is of general relevance as an example of how research ideas can develop and become established in terms of a distinct research network